argparse allows adding argument_groups inside of mutually_exclusive_groups, but the behavior is unintuitive and a bit buggy.

Demo:


import argparse

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
single_group = parser.add_argument_group(title='single_group')
single_group.add_argument('--a', action='store_true')

mutex_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
mutex_group.add_argument('--b', action='store_true')

nested_group = mutex_group.add_argument_group(title='nested_group')
nested_group.add_argument('--c', action='store_true')
nested_group.add_argument('--d', action='store_true')

parser.print_help()
print(parser.parse_args())


Example output:


$ ~/test_args.py --a --b --c --d
usage: test_args.py [-h] [--a] [--b] [--c] [--d]

optional arguments:
  -h, --help  show this help message and exit
  --b

single_group:
  --a
Namespace(a=True, b=True, c=True, d=True)



Two issues I've noticed with this:
 - Arguments in the nested group show up in the usage string, but not in the help text.  The nested arguments are still parsed and available in the result, as normal.
 - Arguments in the nested group are not mutually exclusive with any arguments in the containing mutually_exclusive_group.  
   - I would expect:
       --b          ok
       --c          ok
       --d          ok
       --b --c      error
       --b --d      error
       --c --d      error*
       --b --c --d  error

*From a design perspective, it seems like argument_groups are meant to control display, and mutually_exclusive_groups are meant to control logic, so I think "error" makes sense here.  I personally would like the ability to allow "--c --d", but I think that's a separate discussion and probably a new type of group.