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>Variables in Python functions are resolved 
>when the function is *called*, not when it is defined.

I'm not sure what you mean by that, since Python obeys
lexical scoping, not dynamic.Consider:

def f(x): lambda y: x + y

When the inner lambda expression above is evaluated, x
inside the lambda body is bound to the parameter of the call
of f, even if x+y is not evaluated until that function is
called.
So since

def f(x): return eval('x')

fetches its definition of x from the lexical variable x, why
shouldn't

def f(g): return eval('lambda x: g(x)')

fetch its definition of g from the lexical variable g? A
lambda expression is just a way of delaying evaluation,
*not* delaying how variables are bound --- this is done
immediately.