When I create 2 different dicts with the same literal, their dict.values() are equal in python2 but not equal in python3.

Here is an example in python2:

    $ python2
    Python 2.7.16 (default, Mar  4 2019, 09:02:22)
    [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 10.0.0 (clang-1000.11.45.5)] on darwin
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    >>> a = {'hello': 'world'}
    >>> b = {'hello': 'world'}
    >>> a.values() == b.values()
    True
    >>> a.keys() == b.keys()
    True

However, the dict.values() are not equal in python3:

    $ python3
    Python 3.7.2 (default, Feb 12 2019, 08:16:38)
    [Clang 10.0.0 (clang-1000.11.45.5)] on darwin
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    >>> a = {'hello': 'world'}
    >>> b = {'hello': 'world'}
    >>> a.values() == b.values()
    False
    >>> a.keys() == b.keys()
    True

Is this a bug? Or is this behavior specified somewhere in the documentation? Thanks.

Note: it's inspired by this StackOverflow question: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56403613/questions-about-python-dictionary-equality

https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dictionary-view-objects

> Keys views are set-like since their entries are unique and hashable. If all values are hashable, so that (key, value) pairs are unique and hashable, then the items view is also set-like. (Values views are not treated as set-like since the entries are generally not unique.) For set-like views, all of the operations defined for the abstract base class collections.abc.Set are available (for example, ==, <, or ^).

In Python 2 keys() and values() return a list where __eq__ is implemented. In Python 3 view objects are returned. This can be seen in Python 2 also using viewkeys and viewvalues where viewvalues() is False. So this is not a bug but I am not sure if docs can be improved to clarify this further.


$ python2
Python 2.7.14 (default, Mar 12 2018, 13:54:56)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 7.0.2 (clang-700.1.81)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> a = {'a': 1}
>>> b = {'a': 1}
>>> a.viewkeys() == b.viewkeys()
True
>>> a.viewvalues() == b.viewvalues()
False
>>> a.values() == b.values()
True

See also issue12445.

Hi Karthikeyan and Serhiy,

Thank you for the explanation. I'll check the references you gave me.