I can reproduce, but it's not obvious to me what the test does or why it should succeed rather than fail.

For the record, here is the gdb traceback:

#0  0x00007ffff53c6dc8 in XQueryExtension () from /usr/lib64/libX11.so.6
#1  0x00007ffff53ba4d4 in XInitExtension () from /usr/lib64/libX11.so.6
#2  0x00007ffff4959672 in XextAddDisplay () from /usr/lib64/libXext.so.6
#3  0x00007ffff4b5ea96 in ?? () from /usr/lib64/libXrandr.so.2
#4  0x00007ffff4b5ee36 in XRRQueryVersion () from /usr/lib64/libXrandr.so.2
#5  0x00007ffff59274ec in ffi_call_unix64 ()
    at /home/antoine/cpython/default/Modules/_ctypes/libffi/src/x86/unix64.S:75
#6  0x00007ffff5926f5e in ffi_call (cif=0x7fffffffbd30, fn=0x7ffff4b5ee10 <XRRQueryVersion>, rvalue=
    0x7fffffffbe10, avalue=0x7fffffffbde0)
    at /home/antoine/cpython/default/Modules/_ctypes/libffi/src/x86/ffi64.c:492
#7  0x00007ffff590ed27 in _call_function_pointer (flags=4353, pProc=0x7ffff4b5ee10 <XRRQueryVersion>, 
    avalues=0x7fffffffbde0, atypes=0x7fffffffbdb0, restype=0x7ffff5b587e8, resmem=0x7fffffffbe10, argcount=3)
    at /home/antoine/cpython/default/Modules/_ctypes/callproc.c:800
#8  0x00007ffff590f90c in _ctypes_callproc (pProc=0x7ffff4b5ee10 <XRRQueryVersion>, argtuple=
    (0, <CArgObject at remote 0x7ffff5b4c120>, <CArgObject at remote 0x7ffff5b4c350>), flags=4353, argtypes=
    0x0, restype=<_ctypes.PyCSimpleType at remote 0xa171c0>, checker=0x0)
    at /home/antoine/cpython/default/Modules/_ctypes/callproc.c:1143
#9  0x00007ffff5908dec in PyCFuncPtr_call (self=0x7ffff5b4de60, inargs=
    (0, <CArgObject at remote 0x7ffff5b4c120>, <CArgObject at remote 0x7ffff5b4c350>), kwds=0x0)
    at /home/antoine/cpython/default/Modules/_ctypes/_ctypes.c:3804
#10 0x0000000000593e7b in PyObject_Call (func=
    <_FuncPtr(__name__='XRRQueryVersion') at remote 0x7ffff5b4de60>, arg=
    (0, <CArgObject at remote 0x7ffff5b4c120>, <CArgObject at remote 0x7ffff5b4c350>), kw=0x0)
    at Objects/abstract.c:2083
[...]