C:\Users\Justin>python
Python 3.4.2 (v3.4.2:ab2c023a9432, Oct  6 2014, 22:15:05) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> print(-5**4)
-625
>>>

#note...this should be 625 and not a negative 625

Unary minus has less priority than power operator. -5**4 is equal to -(5**4), not (-5)**4.

I think there is a misunderstanding of precedence here. If we had an operation were -1 * 5**4, I could fully understand the statement of precedence. However, in the absence of the "-1 *", the -5 becomes a single atom.

For example:
>>> myVal = -5
>>> myVal**4
625
>>> # not -625 because it is treated as a single atom.

The statement -5**4 - 20, should yield the same result and yet, it does not.

>>> -5**4 - 20
-645
>>> 5**4 - 20
605
>>>

Let's take the reverse side of this

take 4**-2, if precedence is to hold the same way, why would this not be 16 instead of the correct answer of 0.0625. In this instance, the unary sign all of a sudden jumped in precedence and became a single atom.

>>> 4**-2
0.0625

No, -5 is not an atom. See The Python Language Reference [1]:

"""Note that numeric literals do not include a sign; a phrase like -1 is actually an expression composed of the unary operator ‘-‘ and the literal 1."""

[1] https://docs.python.org/3/reference/lexical_analysis.html#numeric-literals

Thank you for the link. 

I can understand the language definition and I can accept it at face value. The confusion I have is that it does not appear to be consistent. My example of -5**4 vs 4**-2 would both have literals with a unary sign. One works as expected, whereas the other one does not. 

Granted that I am new to Python, although well experience in development and programming; I will conceded to those more experienced in Python development that it is as it should be.

Regards,