As the pure-Python code below demonstrates, when called as `python3 test.py jitshift` it is much faster than when called as `python3 test.py builtinops` (which takes many seconds/minutes past the 24th iteration). I am using fedora 32 x86-64 on a Cannon lake intel core i5 NUC. Tested with latest cpython3 git master and with /usr/bin/pypy3

The improvement was done in pure-python / userland and may be improved upon further given these or others: https://gmplib.org/ and https://github.com/ridiculousfish/libdivide .

```
#!/usr/bin/env python3

# The Expat License
#
# Copyright (c) 2020, Shlomi Fish
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
import sys

OPT = "builtinops"


def mytest(p):
    pint2p = p << p
    myrange = range(1000)
    if OPT == "builtinpow":
        ret = pow(2, (1 << p), pint2p)
    elif OPT == "builtinops":
        ret = 2
        for i in myrange:
            print('sq', i, flush=True)
            ret *= ret
            print('mod', i, flush=True)
            ret %= pint2p
            print('after mod', i, (ret % 10 ** 20), flush=True)
    else:
        class ShiftMod:
            """docstring for ShiftMod:d"""
            def __init__(self, base, shift):
                self.base = base
                self.shift = shift
                self.mask = (1 << shift) - 1
                self.n = base << shift

            def mod(self, inp):
                if inp < self.n:
                    return inp
                return ((((inp >> self.shift) % self.base)
                         << self.shift) | (inp & self.mask))

        def gen_shift_mod(x):
            s = 0
            for offset in (200000, 20000, 2000, 200, 20, 1):
                bits_mask = (1 << offset) - 1
                while x & bits_mask == 0:
                    s += offset
                    x >>= offset
            return ShiftMod(x, s)

        ret = 2
        if OPT == "shiftmodpre":
            m = ShiftMod(p, p)
            for i in myrange:
                print('sq', i, flush=True)
                ret *= ret
                print('mod', i, flush=True)
                # m = gen_shift_mod(pint2p)
                ret = m.mod(ret)
                print('after mod', i, (ret % 10 ** 20), flush=True)
        elif OPT == "gen_shift_mod":
            m = gen_shift_mod(pint2p)
            for i in myrange:
                print('sq', i, flush=True)
                ret *= ret
                print('mod', i, flush=True)
                ret = m.mod(ret)
                print('after mod', i, (ret % 10 ** 20), flush=True)
        elif OPT == "jitshift":
            for i in myrange:
                print('sq', i, flush=True)
                ret *= ret
                print('mod', i, flush=True)
                ret = gen_shift_mod(pint2p).mod(ret)
                print('after mod', i, (ret % 10 ** 20), flush=True)
    return ret % (p*p) // p


def main(which):
    global OPT
    OPT = which
    '''
    if which == "builtinpow":
        OPT = 1
    elif which == "builtinops":
        OPT = 0
    elif which == "shiftmod":
        OPT = 2
    else:
        raise Exception("unknown choice")
    '''
    x = mytest(9816593)
    print(x)
    return


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main(sys.argv[1])

```