Demo:

>>> os.execve('', ['a'], {})
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
OSError: [WinError 0] The operation completed successfully: ''

The reason is that path_error() used throughout os module always uses GetLastError() on Windows, but some functions are implemented via CRT calls which report errors via errno. It seems that commit 292c83554 caused this issue.