Python 2.7.6 does not compile with readline 6.3 (rc1).
It looks like the RL_FUNCTION_TYPEDEF support in Modules/readline.c is not quite complete.

The following patch works for me, both for 2.7.6 and 3.3.3.

--- a/Modules/readline.c	2013-11-10 18:36:41.000000000 +1100
+++ b/Modules/readline.c	2014-01-24 15:11:04.182417214 +1100
@@ -911,12 +911,27 @@
     rl_bind_key_in_map ('\t', rl_complete, emacs_meta_keymap);
     rl_bind_key_in_map ('\033', rl_complete, emacs_meta_keymap);
     /* Set our hook functions */
-    rl_startup_hook = (Function *)on_startup_hook;
+    rl_startup_hook =
+#if defined(_RL_FUNCTION_TYPEDEF)
+        (rl_hook_func_t *)on_startup_hook;
+#else
+        (Function *)on_startup_hook;
+#endif
 #ifdef HAVE_RL_PRE_INPUT_HOOK
-    rl_pre_input_hook = (Function *)on_pre_input_hook;
+    rl_pre_input_hook = 
+#if defined(_RL_FUNCTION_TYPEDEF)
+        (rl_hook_func_t *)on_pre_input_hook;
+#else
+        (Function *)on_pre_input_hook;
+#endif
 #endif
     /* Set our completion function */
-    rl_attempted_completion_function = (CPPFunction *)flex_complete;
+    rl_attempted_completion_function =
+#if defined(_RL_FUNCTION_TYPEDEF)
+        (rl_completion_func_t *)flex_complete;
+#else
+        (CPPFunction *)flex_complete;
+#endif
     /* Set Python word break characters */
     completer_word_break_characters =
         rl_completer_word_break_characters =