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I switched from using urllib.urlretrieve / urllib.urlopen to
using httplib, since I can debug with it.  I no longer get
the error this bug is about.

The other problem I seemed to be having was related to the
data I was recieving, which was generated in part from the
data I was passing to the server.  I changed the data I was
sending (changed ' ' to '%20') and ever thing works fine. 
Even using urllib.urlopen().  Sorry for the confusion.

The data that the server was sending back to the broken
request was outputted like this, using
httplib.http.set_debuglevel(1):

------start
Getting: doi.crossref.org
connect: (doi.crossref.org, 80)
send: 'GET
/servlet/query?usr=<deleted>&pwd=<deleted>&qdata=|Canadian
Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic
Sciences|Adkison|52||2762||full_text|1|<snip> HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n'
reply: '\n'

|Canadian

-----------end

I don't know if that helps, but maybe.

Thanks much.