Hexadecimals can be formatted to lower and uppercase:

>>> '{0:x}'.format(123)
'7b'
>>> '{0:X}'.format(123)
'7B'

I would like the same thing for strings:

>>> '{0.lastname:u} {0.firstname}'.format(user)
'DOE John'

I first thought using "S" for uppercase, but "s" is not available for lowercase. So I thought about "u" and "l".

The alternative is to write:

>>> '{0} {1}'.format(user.lastname.upper(), user.firstname)
'DOE John'

But I find it less compact and elegant.