Shame on me, after a long time I realized the problem referenced in my old post (http://bugs.python.org/msg102019) was actually topological sorting. It can't be done by Python's sort(), which doesn't support partial order. Trying to use cmp parameter is completely wrong. And cmp would mislead people like me to sort a partial order, evil! Now I'm absolutely agree with gone of cmp, viva Raymond Hettinger!