Tested with Python 3.10.1 on Linux and Python 3.10.0 on Windows.

The following code prints None in 3.9 and raises StopIteration without any additional information in 3.10:

    def f():
        yield
    
    x = f()
    
    try:
        x.send(0)
    except TypeError as e:
        print(e) # can't send non-None value to a just-started generator
    
    print(next(x))

New changeset 69806b9 by Mark Shannon in branch 'main':
bpo-46009: Do not exhaust generator when send() method raises (GH-29986)
69806b9

New changeset 99c7232 by Mark Shannon in branch '3.10':
[3.10] bpo-46009: Do not exhaust generator when send() method raises (GH-29986). (GH-29988)
99c7232

New changeset 31e43cb by Brandt Bucher in branch 'main':
bpo-46009: Remove GEN_START (GH-30367)
31e43cb

#74552 broke Emscripten WASM builds. I'm getting a "null function or function signature mismatch" error from the WASM engine:

RuntimeError: null function or function signature mismatch
at _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[2383]:0x103a6f)
at gen_send_ex2 (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[886]:0x4f35d)
at gen_iternext (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[893]:0x4fb1a)
at builtin_any (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[3927]:0x198a87)
at cfunction_vectorcall_O (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[403]:0x201ae)
at PyObject_Vectorcall (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[2426]:0x109dbe)
at _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[2383]:0x1062ba)
at _PyEval_Vector (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[2380]:0xfc366)
at PyEval_EvalCode (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[2379]:0xfc014)
at _PyConfig_InitPathConfig (http://localhost:8000/python.wasm:wasm-function[6871]:0x2924b0)

I'm trying to get more debug information now.

I got more debug symbols:

python.js:235 Uncaught RuntimeError: null function or function signature mismatch
at _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault (ceval.c:4247)
at _PyEval_EvalFrame (pycore_ceval.h:48)
at gen_send_ex2 (genobject.c:219)
at gen_iternext (genobject.c:583)
at builtin_any (bltinmodule.c:384)
at cfunction_vectorcall_O (methodobject.c:516)
at _PyObject_VectorcallTstate.11 (pycore_call.h:89)
at PyObject_Vectorcall (call.c:298)
at _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault (ceval.c:4625)
at _PyEval_EvalFrame.1 (pycore_ceval.h:48)

The culprit is

   PyObject *next = (*Py_TYPE(iter)->tp_iternext)(iter);

in the TARGET(FOR_ITER) target. An additional NULL check resolves the problem.

index 953876f6226..390400b3246 100644
--- a/Python/ceval.c
+++ b/Python/ceval.c
@@ -4244,7 +4244,12 @@ _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault(PyThreadState *tstate, InterpreterFrame *frame, int thr
             PREDICTED(FOR_ITER);
             /* before: [iter]; after: [iter, iter()] *or* [] */
             PyObject *iter = TOP();
-            PyObject *next = (*Py_TYPE(iter)->tp_iternext)(iter);
+            PyObject *(*iternext)(PyObject *) = *Py_TYPE(iter)->tp_iternext;
+            if (iternext == NULL) {
+                PyErr_BadInternalCall();
+                goto error;
+               }
+            PyObject *next = iternext(iter);
             if (next != NULL) {
                 PUSH(next);
                 PREDICT(STORE_FAST);

False alarm ... the frozen files for getpath.py were out of date. I can no longer reproduce the issue after a hard git clean and rebuild.