Dataclasses derived from empty frozen bases skip immutability checks.

Repro snippet:

import dataclasses

@dataclasses.dataclass(frozen=True)
class Base:
  pass

@dataclasses.dataclass
class Derived(Base):
  a: int

d = Derived(2)
# OK

Usecase: sometimes developers define an empty frozen base dataclass with detailed docs and require other dataclasses to inherit from it as a code contract to avoid accidental in-place modifications.
This bug makes this strategy ineffective.

Affects all versions of Python that support dataclasses (including the backport for py3.6).

New changeset 376ffc6 by Iurii Kemaev in branch 'master':
bpo-43176: Fix processing of empty dataclasses (GH-24484)
376ffc6

New changeset b132be8 by Miss Islington (bot) in branch '3.8':
bpo-43176: Fix processing of empty dataclasses (GH-24484)
b132be8

Thanks!

New changeset 8a34a07 by Miss Islington (bot) in branch '3.9':
bpo-43176: Fix processing of empty dataclasses (GH-24484) (GH-25205)
8a34a07

New changeset 1744c96 by Eric V. Smith in branch 'master':
Fix blurb for bpo-43176. (GH-25215)
1744c96

New changeset 76c4a9f by Miss Islington (bot) in branch '3.8':
[3.8] Fix blurb for bpo-43176. (GH-25215) (GH-25218)
76c4a9f

New changeset 2df971a by Miss Islington (bot) in branch '3.9':
Fix blurb for bpo-43176. (GH-25215) (GH-25217)
2df971a

Wether the original behaviour was intentional or not this change introduces backwards incompatibility (and in our case, breakage) between 3.8.10 and previous releases (I expect the same to be true for the equivalent 3.9 releases).

Can you provide a small snippet of code showing the kind of thing that broke?

@eric.smith Sure, here you go:

dataclass_empty.py:

from dataclasses import dataclass


@dataclass
class A:
    pass


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class B(A):
    x: int

print("42")

Running this on < 3.8.10:

$ ~/.pythonz/pythons/CPython-3.8.1/bin/python3.8 --version
Python 3.8.1

$ ~/.pythonz/pythons/CPython-3.8.1/bin/python3.8 dataclass_empty.py
42

And on 3.8.10:

$ /usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3 --version
Python 3.8.10

$ /usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3 dataclass_empty.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "dataclass_empty.py", line 10, in <module>
    class B(A):
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.8/3.8.10/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/dataclasses.py", line 1011, in wrap
    return _process_class(cls, init, repr, eq, order, unsafe_hash, frozen)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.8/3.8.10/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.8/lib/python3.8/dataclasses.py", line 896, in _process_class
    raise TypeError('cannot inherit frozen dataclass from a '
TypeError: cannot inherit frozen dataclass from a non-frozen one

Hmm. I think maybe the intent was that if you're frozen, treat all the fields as frozen, including ones you inherit, regardless if the base classes are frozen or not.

I think this was fixed with #109437, so I'm going to close this one.