In Modules/_sqlite/statement.c pysqlite_statement_create() and Modules/_sqlite/cursor.c pysqlite_cursor_executescript_impl(), we incorrectly use SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH to check statement length. However, the correct limit is *SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH*.

### Alternative 1:
Quick fix is to check against SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH instead of SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH.

### Alternative 2:
Let SQLite do the check for us, and instead add integer overflow check, since Py_ssize_t may be larger than int (sqlite3_prepare_v2() uses an int as the max statement length parameter).

### Alternative 3:
As alternative 2, but alter the sqlite3_prepare_v2() call to accept _any_ length (max statement length = -1).


See also:
- https://sqlite.org/limits.html
- https://sqlite.org/c3ref/c_limit_attached.html
- https://sqlite.org/c3ref/prepare.html

BTW, this only affects the code in main.

In alternative 1 we control the type and the message of exception. In alternative 3 we left this to the SQLite3 engine. It is difficult to keep consistency in alternative 2, errors raised for sizes less and larger than INT_MAX can be different. I think this is a serious drawback of this alternative.

What happens if set SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH to 0 or negative value? Would it be interpreted as "no limit"?

I'm leaning towards alt 1. It is also easy to test all paths with that option. But I also think alt 3 is ok. It makes for easier code to maintain.

Alt 2 is, as you say, the weakest alternative.

> What happens if set SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH to 0 or negative value? Would it be interpreted as "no limit"?

I'm not sure about 0; I'll try to find out.

If you supply -1, you are querying the limit category, not setting it.

> > What happens if set SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH to 0 [...]

In this case, the limit is actually zero:

    >>> cx.setlimit(sqlite3.SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH, 0)
    1024
    >>> cx.execute("select 1")
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    sqlite3.DataError: string or blob too big

Also, SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH and SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH is inclusive in SQLite. We should treat them likewise.

I believe it is best to go with alternative 1. The error strings produced by SQLite may change from release to release, so for example a buildbot update may suddenly break the CI.

New changeset c1323d4b8cb010a06c11bace6e681bea7f895851 by Erlend Egeberg Aasland in branch 'main':
bpo-45754: Use correct SQLite limit when checking statement length (GH-29489)
https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/c1323d4b8cb010a06c11bace6e681bea7f895851