Subclasses of io.IOBase can be instantiated with abstractmethod()s, even though ABCs are supposed to prevent this from happening. I'm guessing this has to do with io using the _io C module because the alternative pure-python implementation _pyio doesn't seem to have this issue. I'm using Python 3.6.7

>>> import _pyio
>>> import io
>>> import abc
>>> class TestPurePython(_pyio.IOBase):
...     @abc.abstractmethod
...     def foo(self):
...             print('Pure python implementation')
... 
>>> class TestCExtension(io.IOBase):
...     @abc.abstractmethod
...     def bar(self):
...             print('C extension implementation')
... 
>>> x=TestPurePython()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class TestPurePython with abstract methods foo
>>> y=TestCExtension()
>>> y.bar()
C extension implementation
>>>

This looks to be a general problem with built-in classes using ABCMeta, per #31127 (Abstract classes derived from built-in classes don't block instance creation).

Progress (or lack thereof) is being tracked on the more specifically named #5996 (abstract class instantiable when subclassing dict).