The section here is wrong as it claims that API is common to profile and cProfile.

https://docs.python.org/3/library/profile.html#module-cProfile

I started taking a look at this and discovered a few things.  There are four methods in the C module `_lsprof` that are within the Profiler class - `enable`, `disable`, `getstats`, and `clear` and which are all available through cProfile.Profile.  These aren't available in profile.py.  Also, `getstats` and `clear` aren't in the documentation and `enable` takes two optional parameters that aren't mentioned in the documentation.  There are also many methods in profile.py that aren't documented.

What would be the preferred approach to fixing the documentation?  It seems that the documentation currently focuses on trying to make profile and cProfile as similar as possible.  Should they have separate sections that define the differences?  Or should `enable` and `disable` be removed since they aren't in profile?  The example under https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/profile.html#profile.Profile  uses `enable` and `disable` and seems to be a helpful example.

We can't remove public-looking methods (i.e. they don't start with an underscore) like that because some people may be using them.  Rather than document the differences, I think it would be more useful to try to bridge the gap by augmenting the profile API with whatever supplementary APIs cProfile has.  If some API is difficult to implement for profile, then we can revisit that goal and make an exception.

I'm afraid that profile.Profile and cProfile.Profile behave pretty differently, and there's not a good way to bring the methods from the C version to the Python version.

The example at [1] shows a cProfile.Profile object being instantiated and enabled. At this point the profiler is tracing execution - until the disable() method is called, any activity is recorded.

profile.Profile doesn't work this way. Creating a profile.Profile object doesn't cause activity to be recorded. It doesn't do anything until you call one of its run* methods.

This is because the C version uses PyEval_SetProfile ([2]) to take advantage of CPython's "low-level support for attaching profiling and execution tracing facilities" ([3]). I don't think we can do that from the Python version.

There is already a precedent for showing differences between cProfile.Profile and profile.Profile in the existing docs - see [4].


[1] https://docs.python.org/3/library/profile.html#profile.Profile
[2] https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/6f0eb93183519024cb360162bdd81b9faec97ba6/Modules/_lsprof.c#L693
[3] https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/init.html#profiling-and-tracing
[4] https://docs.python.org/3/library/profile.html#using-a-custom-timer

I've made a pull request that clarifies things in the docs.

As csabella notes, there are some more differences that could be pointed out. The 'subcalls' and 'builtins' arguments could be explained as well.

Nonetheless, I think the PR does fix some definitely incorrect aspects of the existing documentation and is at least an improvement.