diff -r d33b9fd46cef Lib/shutil.py
--- a/Lib/shutil.py	Sun Nov 06 18:47:35 2016 +0200
+++ b/Lib/shutil.py	Mon Nov 07 19:24:17 2016 +0200
@@ -388,22 +388,25 @@ def _rmtree_unsafe(path, onerror):
 
 # Version using fd-based APIs to protect against races
 def _rmtree_safe_fd(topfd, path, onerror):
-    names = []
     try:
-        names = os.listdir(topfd)
+        with os.scandir(topfd) as scandir_it:
+            entries = list(scandir_it)
     except OSError as err:
         err.filename = path
-        onerror(os.listdir, path, sys.exc_info())
-    for name in names:
-        fullname = os.path.join(path, name)
+        onerror(os.scandir, path, sys.exc_info())
+        return
+    for entry in entries:
+        fullname = os.path.join(path, entry.name)
         try:
-            orig_st = os.stat(name, dir_fd=topfd, follow_symlinks=False)
-            mode = orig_st.st_mode
+            is_dir = entry.is_dir(follow_symlinks=False)
+            if is_dir:
+                orig_st = entry.stat(follow_symlinks=False)
+                is_dir = stat.S_ISDIR(orig_st.st_mode)
         except OSError:
-            mode = 0
-        if stat.S_ISDIR(mode):
+            is_dir = False
+        if is_dir:
             try:
-                dirfd = os.open(name, os.O_RDONLY, dir_fd=topfd)
+                dirfd = os.open(entry.name, os.O_RDONLY, dir_fd=topfd)
             except OSError:
                 onerror(os.open, fullname, sys.exc_info())
             else:
@@ -411,7 +414,7 @@ def _rmtree_safe_fd(topfd, path, onerror
                     if os.path.samestat(orig_st, os.fstat(dirfd)):
                         _rmtree_safe_fd(dirfd, fullname, onerror)
                         try:
-                            os.rmdir(name, dir_fd=topfd)
+                            os.rmdir(entry.name, dir_fd=topfd)
                         except OSError:
                             onerror(os.rmdir, fullname, sys.exc_info())
                     else:
@@ -427,13 +430,13 @@ def _rmtree_safe_fd(topfd, path, onerror
                     os.close(dirfd)
         else:
             try:
-                os.unlink(name, dir_fd=topfd)
+                os.unlink(entry.name, dir_fd=topfd)
             except OSError:
                 onerror(os.unlink, fullname, sys.exc_info())
 
 _use_fd_functions = ({os.open, os.stat, os.unlink, os.rmdir} <=
                      os.supports_dir_fd and
-                     os.listdir in os.supports_fd and
+                     os.scandir in os.supports_fd and
                      os.stat in os.supports_follow_symlinks)
 
 def rmtree(path, ignore_errors=False, onerror=None):
diff -r d33b9fd46cef Lib/test/test_shutil.py
--- a/Lib/test/test_shutil.py	Sun Nov 06 18:47:35 2016 +0200
+++ b/Lib/test/test_shutil.py	Mon Nov 07 19:24:17 2016 +0200
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ class TestShutil(unittest.TestCase):
             errors.append(args)
         shutil.rmtree(filename, onerror=onerror)
         self.assertEqual(len(errors), 2)
-        self.assertIs(errors[0][0], os.listdir)
+        self.assertIs(errors[0][0], os.scandir)
         self.assertEqual(errors[0][1], filename)
         self.assertIsInstance(errors[0][2][1], NotADirectoryError)
         self.assertIn(errors[0][2][1].filename, possible_args)