diff -r ad141164c792 Lib/test/test_os.py
--- a/Lib/test/test_os.py	Tue Aug 16 18:27:44 2016 +0200
+++ b/Lib/test/test_os.py	Tue Aug 16 19:21:19 2016 +0200
@@ -1228,6 +1228,7 @@ class URandomTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
     def test_urandom_value(self):
         data1 = os.urandom(16)
+        self.assertIsInstance(data1, bytes)
         data2 = os.urandom(16)
         self.assertNotEqual(data1, data2)
 
@@ -1248,6 +1249,38 @@ class URandomTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertNotEqual(data1, data2)
 
 
+@unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(os, 'getrandom'), 'need os.getrandom()')
+class GetRandomTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_getrandom_type(self):
+        data = os.getrandom(16)
+        self.assertIsInstance(data, bytes)
+        self.assertEqual(len(data), 16)
+
+    def test_getrandom0(self):
+        empty = os.getrandom(0)
+        self.assertEqual(empty, b'')
+
+    def test_dev_random(self):
+        self.assertTrue(hasattr(os, 'GRND_RANDOM'))
+
+        # Don't test os.getrandom(1, os.GRND_RANDOM) to not consume the rare
+        # resource /dev/random
+
+    def test_getrandom_nonblock(self):
+        # The call must not fail. Check also that the flag exists
+        try:
+            os.getrandom(1, os.GRND_NONBLOCK)
+        except BlockingIOError:
+            # System urandom is not initialized yet
+            pass
+
+    def test_getrandom_value(self):
+        data1 = os.getrandom(16)
+        data2 = os.getrandom(16)
+        self.assertNotEqual(data1, data2)
+
+
+
 # os.urandom() doesn't use a file descriptor when it is implemented with the
 # getentropy() function, the getrandom() function or the getrandom() syscall
 OS_URANDOM_DONT_USE_FD = (
diff -r ad141164c792 Modules/clinic/posixmodule.c.h
--- a/Modules/clinic/posixmodule.c.h	Tue Aug 16 18:27:44 2016 +0200
+++ b/Modules/clinic/posixmodule.c.h	Tue Aug 16 19:21:19 2016 +0200
@@ -5571,6 +5571,41 @@ exit:
     return return_value;
 }
 
+#if defined(HAVE_GETRANDOM_SYSCALL)
+
+PyDoc_STRVAR(os_getrandom__doc__,
+"getrandom($module, /, size, flags=0)\n"
+"--\n"
+"\n"
+"Obtain a series of random bytes.");
+
+#define OS_GETRANDOM_METHODDEF    \
+    {"getrandom", (PyCFunction)os_getrandom, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, os_getrandom__doc__},
+
+static PyObject *
+os_getrandom_impl(PyObject *module, Py_ssize_t size, int flags);
+
+static PyObject *
+os_getrandom(PyObject *module, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwargs)
+{
+    PyObject *return_value = NULL;
+    static const char * const _keywords[] = {"size", "flags", NULL};
+    static _PyArg_Parser _parser = {"n|i:getrandom", _keywords, 0};
+    Py_ssize_t size;
+    int flags = 0;
+
+    if (!_PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywordsFast(args, kwargs, &_parser,
+        &size, &flags)) {
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    return_value = os_getrandom_impl(module, size, flags);
+
+exit:
+    return return_value;
+}
+
+#endif /* defined(HAVE_GETRANDOM_SYSCALL) */
+
 #ifndef OS_TTYNAME_METHODDEF
     #define OS_TTYNAME_METHODDEF
 #endif /* !defined(OS_TTYNAME_METHODDEF) */
@@ -6042,4 +6077,8 @@ exit:
 #ifndef OS_SET_HANDLE_INHERITABLE_METHODDEF
     #define OS_SET_HANDLE_INHERITABLE_METHODDEF
 #endif /* !defined(OS_SET_HANDLE_INHERITABLE_METHODDEF) */
-/*[clinic end generated code: output=97180b6734421a7d input=a9049054013a1b77]*/
+
+#ifndef OS_GETRANDOM_METHODDEF
+    #define OS_GETRANDOM_METHODDEF
+#endif /* !defined(OS_GETRANDOM_METHODDEF) */
+/*[clinic end generated code: output=e1908580241e2dca input=a9049054013a1b77]*/
diff -r ad141164c792 Modules/posixmodule.c
--- a/Modules/posixmodule.c	Tue Aug 16 18:27:44 2016 +0200
+++ b/Modules/posixmodule.c	Tue Aug 16 19:21:19 2016 +0200
@@ -133,6 +133,13 @@ corresponding Unix manual entries for mo
 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAVE_LINUX_RANDOM_H
+#  include <linux/random.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_GETRANDOM_SYSCALL
+#  include <sys/syscall.h>
+#endif
+
 #if defined(MS_WINDOWS)
 #  define TERMSIZE_USE_CONIO
 #elif defined(HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H)
@@ -12383,6 +12390,59 @@ os_fspath_impl(PyObject *module, PyObjec
     return PyOS_FSPath(path);
 }
 
+#ifdef HAVE_GETRANDOM_SYSCALL
+/*[clinic input]
+os.getrandom
+
+    size: Py_ssize_t
+    flags: int=0
+
+Obtain a series of random bytes.
+[clinic start generated code]*/
+
+static PyObject *
+os_getrandom_impl(PyObject *module, Py_ssize_t size, int flags)
+/*[clinic end generated code: output=b3a618196a61409c input=59bafac39c594947]*/
+{
+    char *buffer;
+    Py_ssize_t n;
+    PyObject *bytes;
+
+    if (size < 0) {
+        errno = EINVAL;
+        return posix_error();
+    }
+
+    buffer = PyMem_Malloc(size);
+    if (buffer == NULL) {
+        PyErr_NoMemory();
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    while (1) {
+        n = syscall(SYS_getrandom, buffer, size, flags);
+        if (n < 0 && errno == EINTR) {
+            if (PyErr_CheckSignals() < 0) {
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            continue;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (n < 0) {
+        PyMem_Free(buffer);
+        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    bytes = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(buffer, n);
+    PyMem_Free(buffer);
+
+    return bytes;
+}
+#endif   /* HAVE_GETRANDOM_SYSCALL */
+
 #include "clinic/posixmodule.c.h"
 
 /*[clinic input]
@@ -12583,6 +12643,7 @@ static PyMethodDef posix_methods[] = {
                         METH_VARARGS | METH_KEYWORDS,
                         posix_scandir__doc__},
     OS_FSPATH_METHODDEF
+    OS_GETRANDOM_METHODDEF
     {NULL,              NULL}            /* Sentinel */
 };
 
@@ -13028,6 +13089,11 @@ all_ins(PyObject *m)
     if (PyModule_AddIntMacro(m, RTLD_DEEPBIND)) return -1;
 #endif
 
+#ifdef HAVE_GETRANDOM_SYSCALL
+    if (PyModule_AddIntMacro(m, GRND_RANDOM)) return -1;
+    if (PyModule_AddIntMacro(m, GRND_NONBLOCK)) return -1;
+#endif
+
     return 0;
 }