diff -r 96a7603d25ea Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py
--- a/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py	Mon Jan 18 19:40:23 2016 +0200
+++ b/Lib/test/test_xmlrpc.py	Mon Jan 18 20:20:58 2016 +0200
@@ -184,17 +184,17 @@ class XMLRPCTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, xmlrpclib.dumps, (arg1,))
 
     def test_dump_encoding(self):
-        value = '\u20ac'
+        value = '\u20ac\xa4'
         strg = xmlrpclib.dumps((value,), encoding='iso-8859-15')
         strg = "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='iso-8859-15'?>" + strg
         self.assertEqual(xmlrpclib.loads(strg)[0][0], value)
-        strg = strg.encode('iso-8859-15')
+        strg = strg.encode('iso-8859-15', 'xmlcharrefreplace')
         self.assertEqual(xmlrpclib.loads(strg)[0][0], value)
 
         strg = xmlrpclib.dumps((value,), encoding='iso-8859-15',
                                methodresponse=True)
         self.assertEqual(xmlrpclib.loads(strg)[0][0], value)
-        strg = strg.encode('iso-8859-15')
+        strg = strg.encode('iso-8859-15', 'xmlcharrefreplace')
         self.assertEqual(xmlrpclib.loads(strg)[0][0], value)
 
     def test_dump_bytes(self):
@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ class SimpleServerTestCase(BaseServerTes
 
     def test_client_encoding(self):
         start_string = '\u20ac'
-        end_string = '\xa3'
+        end_string = '\xa4'
 
         try:
             p = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy(URL, encoding='iso-8859-15')
@@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ class SimpleServerEncodingTestCase(BaseS
 
     def test_server_encoding(self):
         start_string = '\u20ac'
-        end_string = '\xa3'
+        end_string = '\xa4'
 
         try:
             p = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy(URL)
diff -r 96a7603d25ea Lib/xmlrpc/client.py
--- a/Lib/xmlrpc/client.py	Mon Jan 18 19:40:23 2016 +0200
+++ b/Lib/xmlrpc/client.py	Mon Jan 18 20:20:58 2016 +0200
@@ -955,8 +955,6 @@ def dumps(params, methodname=None, metho
     # standard XML-RPC wrappings
     if methodname:
         # a method call
-        if not isinstance(methodname, str):
-            methodname = methodname.encode(encoding)
         data = (
             xmlheader,
             "<methodCall>\n"
@@ -1422,7 +1420,7 @@ class ServerProxy:
         # call a method on the remote server
 
         request = dumps(params, methodname, encoding=self.__encoding,
-                        allow_none=self.__allow_none).encode(self.__encoding)
+                        allow_none=self.__allow_none).encode(self.__encoding, 'xmlcharrefreplace')
 
         response = self.__transport.request(
             self.__host,
diff -r 96a7603d25ea Lib/xmlrpc/server.py
--- a/Lib/xmlrpc/server.py	Mon Jan 18 19:40:23 2016 +0200
+++ b/Lib/xmlrpc/server.py	Mon Jan 18 20:20:58 2016 +0200
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ class SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher:
                 encoding=self.encoding, allow_none=self.allow_none,
                 )
 
-        return response.encode(self.encoding)
+        return response.encode(self.encoding, 'xmlcharrefreplace')
 
     def system_listMethods(self):
         """system.listMethods() => ['add', 'subtract', 'multiple']
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ class MultiPathXMLRPCServer(SimpleXMLRPC
             response = dumps(
                 Fault(1, "%s:%s" % (exc_type, exc_value)),
                 encoding=self.encoding, allow_none=self.allow_none)
-            response = response.encode(self.encoding)
+            response = response.encode(self.encoding, 'xmlcharrefreplace')
         return response
 
 class CGIXMLRPCRequestHandler(SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher):