diff --git a/Doc/library/inspect.rst b/Doc/library/inspect.rst
--- a/Doc/library/inspect.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/inspect.rst
@@ -501,6 +501,15 @@ function.
       Returns :class:`BoundArguments` if ``*args`` and ``**kwargs`` match the
       signature, or raises a :exc:`TypeError`.
 
+   .. method:: Signature.bind_with_defaults(*args, **kwargs)
+
+      Create a mapping from positional and keyword arguments to parameters.
+      Returns :class:`BoundArguments` if ``*args`` and ``**kwargs`` match the
+      signature, or raises a :exc:`TypeError`. Arguments that are not specified
+      but have a default value will be filled in too.
+
+      .. versionadded:: 3.5
+
    .. method:: Signature.bind_partial(*args, **kwargs)
 
       Works the same way as :meth:`Signature.bind`, but allows the omission of
diff --git a/Lib/inspect.py b/Lib/inspect.py
--- a/Lib/inspect.py
+++ b/Lib/inspect.py
@@ -2690,6 +2690,25 @@ class Signature:
         """
         return args[0]._bind(args[1:], kwargs)
 
+    def bind_with_defaults(*args, **kwargs):
+        """Get a BoundArguments object, that maps the passed `args`
+        and `kwargs` to the function's signature.  Raises `TypeError`
+        if the passed arguments can not be bound. Arguments that are not
+        specified but have a default will be filled in too.
+        """
+        boundargs = args[0]._bind(args[1:], kwargs)
+
+        for param in args[0].parameters.values():
+            if param.name not in boundargs.arguments:
+                if param.kind is Parameter.VAR_POSITIONAL:
+                    default = ()
+                elif param.kind is Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD:
+                    default = {}
+                else:
+                    default = param.default
+                boundargs.arguments[param.name] = default
+        return boundargs
+
     def bind_partial(*args, **kwargs):
         """Get a BoundArguments object, that partially maps the
         passed `args` and `kwargs` to the function's signature.
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_inspect.py b/Lib/test/test_inspect.py
--- a/Lib/test/test_inspect.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_inspect.py
@@ -3059,6 +3059,35 @@ class TestSignatureBind(unittest.TestCas
         self.assertEqual(ba.arguments, {'kwargs': {'args': 1}})
 
 
+class TestSignatureBindWithDefaults(unittest.TestCase):
+    @staticmethod
+    def call(func, *args, **kwargs):
+        sig = inspect.signature(func)
+        ba = sig.bind_with_defaults(*args, **kwargs)
+        return func(*ba.args, **ba.kwargs)
+
+    def test_signature_bind_default(self):
+        def test(a=17, b=23):
+            return a, b
+
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test), (17, 23))
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 18), (18, 23))
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 18, 24), (18, 24))
+
+    def test_signature_bind_var(self):
+        def test(*args, **kwargs):
+            return args, kwargs
+
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test), ((), {}))
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1), ((1,), {}))
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2), ((1, 2), {}))
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test, foo='bar'), ((), {'foo': 'bar'}))
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, foo='bar'), ((1,), {'foo': 'bar'}))
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test, args=10), ((), {'args': 10}))
+        self.assertEqual(self.call(test, 1, 2, foo='bar'),
+                         ((1, 2), {'foo': 'bar'}))
+
+
 class TestBoundArguments(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_signature_bound_arguments_unhashable(self):
         def foo(a): pass