diff -r 253c31930b32 Doc/library/pathlib.rst
--- a/Doc/library/pathlib.rst	Sat Jul 26 00:58:55 2014 +0200
+++ b/Doc/library/pathlib.rst	Sat Jul 26 09:48:56 2014 +0200
@@ -936,3 +936,16 @@
 
    Remove this file or symbolic link.  If the path points to a directory,
    use :func:`Path.rmdir` instead.
+
+.. method:: Path.expanduser()
+
+   Return a new :class:`Path` with expanded ``~`` and ``~user`` constructs,
+   as returned by :meth:`os.path.expanduser`. :exc:`ValueError` is raised if
+   the path can't be expanded.
+
+   >>> p = PosixPath('~/films/Monty Python')
+   >>> p.expanduser()
+   PosixPath('/home/eric/films/Monty Python')
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.5
+
diff -r 253c31930b32 Lib/pathlib.py
--- a/Lib/pathlib.py	Sat Jul 26 00:58:55 2014 +0200
+++ b/Lib/pathlib.py	Sat Jul 26 09:48:56 2014 +0200
@@ -885,6 +885,17 @@
                 return False
         return True
 
+    def expanduser(self):
+        """ Return a new path with expanded ~ and ~user constructs
+        (as returned by os.path.expanduser)
+        """
+        normed = self._flavour.pathmod.expanduser(str(self))
+        obj = self._from_parts((normed,), init=False)
+        obj._init(template=self)
+        if str(obj) == str(self):
+            raise ValueError("The path wasn't expanded.")
+        return obj
+
 
 class PurePosixPath(PurePath):
     _flavour = _posix_flavour
diff -r 253c31930b32 Lib/test/test_pathlib.py
--- a/Lib/test/test_pathlib.py	Sat Jul 26 00:58:55 2014 +0200
+++ b/Lib/test/test_pathlib.py	Sat Jul 26 09:48:56 2014 +0200
@@ -1290,6 +1290,11 @@
         p = self.cls('')
         self.assertEqual(p.stat(), os.stat('.'))
 
+    def test_expanduser(self):
+        p = self.cls('~')
+        self.assertEqual(os.path.expanduser(str(p)),
+                         str(p.expanduser()))
+
     def test_exists(self):
         P = self.cls
         p = P(BASE)
@@ -1884,6 +1889,24 @@
         self.assertEqual(given, expect)
         self.assertEqual(set(p.rglob("FILEd*")), set())
 
+    def test_expanduser_posix(self):
+        support.import_module("pwd")
+        import pwd
+        pwdent = pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())
+        user = pwdent.pw_name
+        home = pwdent.pw_dir.rstrip("/")
+
+        p1 = self.cls('~')
+        p2 = self.cls('~' + user)
+        p3 = self.cls('~/' + user)
+        p4 = self.cls('~{}/foo/bar'.format(user))
+        p5 = self.cls('~/test/foo')
+        self.assertEqual(str(p1.expanduser()), home)
+        self.assertEqual(str(p2.expanduser()), home)
+        self.assertEqual(str(p3.expanduser()), os.path.join(home, user))
+        self.assertEqual(str(p4.expanduser()), home + "/foo/bar")
+        self.assertEqual(str(p5.expanduser()), home + "/test/foo")
+
 
 @only_nt
 class WindowsPathTest(_BasePathTest, unittest.TestCase):
@@ -1899,6 +1922,44 @@
         p = P(BASE, "dirC")
         self.assertEqual(set(p.rglob("FILEd")), { P(BASE, "dirC/dirD/fileD") })
 
+    def test_expanduser_nt(self):
+        with support.EnvironmentVarGuard() as env:
+            env.pop('HOME', None)
+            env.pop('USERPROFILE', None)
+            env.pop('HOMEPATH', None)
+
+            # test that the path returns unchanged
+            p1 = self.cls('~')
+            p2 = self.cls('~test')
+            p3 = self.cls('~test/foo/bar')
+            p4 = self.cls('~/test/foo')
+
+            msg = "The path wasn't expanded."
+            for p in (p1, p2, p3, p4):
+                with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, msg):
+                    p.expanduser()
+
+            # test the first lookup key in the env vars
+            env['HOME'] = 'C:\\test'
+            self.assertEqual(str(p1.expanduser()), 'C:\\test')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p2.expanduser()), 'C:\\test')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p3.expanduser()), 'C:\\test\\foo\\bar')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p4.expanduser()), 'C:\\test\\test\\foo')
+
+            # test that HOMEPATH is available instead
+            env.pop('HOME', None)
+            env['HOMEPATH'] = 'C:\\idle'
+            self.assertEqual(str(p1.expanduser()), 'C:\\idle')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p2.expanduser()), 'C:\\test')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p3.expanduser()), 'C:\\test\\foo\\bar')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p4.expanduser()), 'C:\\idle\\test\\foo')
+
+            env['HOMEDRIVE'] = 'C:\\'
+            env['HOMEPATH'] = 'eggs'
+            self.assertEqual(str(p1.expanduser()), 'C:\\eggs')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p2.expanduser()), 'C:\\test')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p3.expanduser()), 'C:\\test\\foo\\bar')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p4.expanduser()), 'C:\\eggs\\test\\foo')
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()