diff -r 4a48450f2505 Doc/library/pathlib.rst
--- a/Doc/library/pathlib.rst	Sat Jun 14 20:41:22 2014 -0700
+++ b/Doc/library/pathlib.rst	Tue Jun 17 07:46:51 2014 +0300
@@ -936,3 +936,15 @@
 
    Remove this file or symbolic link.  If the path points to a directory,
    use :func:`Path.rmdir` instead.
+
+.. method:: Path.expanduser()
+
+   Return a new :class:`Path` with expanded ``~`` and ``~user`` constructs,
+   as returned by :meth:`os.path.expanduser`.
+
+   >>> p = PosixPath('~films')
+   >>> p.expanduser()
+   PosixPath('/home/ericidle/films')
+
+   .. versionadded:: 3.5
+
diff -r 4a48450f2505 Lib/pathlib.py
--- a/Lib/pathlib.py	Sat Jun 14 20:41:22 2014 -0700
+++ b/Lib/pathlib.py	Tue Jun 17 07:46:51 2014 +0300
@@ -972,6 +972,12 @@
             other_st = os.stat(other_path)
         return os.path.samestat(st, other_st)
 
+    def expanduser(self):
+        """ Return a new path with expanded ~ and ~user constructs
+        (as returned by os.path.expanduser)
+        """
+        return self.__class__(os.path.expanduser(str(self)))
+
     def iterdir(self):
         """Iterate over the files in this directory.  Does not yield any
         result for the special paths '.' and '..'.
diff -r 4a48450f2505 Lib/test/test_pathlib.py
--- a/Lib/test/test_pathlib.py	Sat Jun 14 20:41:22 2014 -0700
+++ b/Lib/test/test_pathlib.py	Tue Jun 17 07:46:51 2014 +0300
@@ -1276,6 +1276,11 @@
         p = self.cls('')
         self.assertEqual(p.stat(), os.stat('.'))
 
+    def test_expanduser(self):
+        p = self.cls('~')
+        self.assertEqual(os.path.expanduser(str(p)),
+                         str(p.expanduser()))
+
     def test_exists(self):
         P = self.cls
         p = P(BASE)
@@ -1870,6 +1875,22 @@
         self.assertEqual(given, expect)
         self.assertEqual(set(p.rglob("FILEd*")), set())
 
+    def test_expanduser_posix(self):
+        support.import_module("pwd")
+        import pwd
+        with support.EnvironmentVarGuard() as env:
+            env['HOME'] = '/'
+            p1 = self.cls('~')
+            p2 = self.cls('~/foo')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p1.expanduser()), "/")
+            self.assertEqual(str(p2.expanduser()), "/foo")
+            # expanduser should fall back to using the password database
+            del env['HOME']
+            home = pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid()).pw_dir
+            # $HOME can end with a trailing /, so strip it (see #17809)
+            self.assertEqual(str(self.cls("~").expanduser()),
+                             home.rstrip("/"))
+
 
 @only_nt
 class WindowsPathTest(_BasePathTest, unittest.TestCase):
@@ -1885,6 +1906,32 @@
         p = P(BASE, "dirC")
         self.assertEqual(set(p.rglob("FILEd")), { P(BASE, "dirC/dirD/fileD") })
 
+    def test_expanduser_nt(self):
+        with support.EnvironmentVarGuard() as env:
+            env.pop('HOME', None)
+            env.pop('USERPROFILE', None)
+            env.pop('HOMEPATH', None)
+
+            # test that the path returns unchanged
+            p1 = self.cls('~')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p1.expanduser()), '~')
+
+            # test the first lookup key in the env vars
+            env['HOME'] = 'C:\\test'
+            p2 = self.cls('~')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p2.expanduser()), 'C:\\test')
+
+            # test that HOMEPATH is available instead
+            env.pop('HOME', None)
+            env['HOMEPATH'] = 'C:\\idle'
+            p3 = self.cls('~')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p3.expanduser()), 'C:\\idle')
+
+            env['HOMEDRIVE'] = 'C:\\'
+            env['HOMEPATH'] = 'eggs'
+            p4 = self.cls('~')
+            self.assertEqual(str(p4.expanduser()), 'C:\\eggs')
+
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     unittest.main()