diff --git a/Python/fileutils.c b/Python/fileutils.c
--- a/Python/fileutils.c
+++ b/Python/fileutils.c
@@ -266,8 +266,8 @@ _Py_stat(PyObject *path, struct stat *st
 FILE *
 _Py_wfopen(const wchar_t *path, const wchar_t *mode)
 {
+    FILE *f;
 #ifndef MS_WINDOWS
-    FILE *f;
     char *cpath;
     char cmode[10];
     size_t r;
@@ -281,10 +281,14 @@ _Py_wfopen(const wchar_t *path, const wc
         return NULL;
     f = fopen(cpath, cmode);
     PyMem_Free(cpath);
+#else
+    f = _wfopen(path, mode);
+#endif
+    if (f == NULL && errno != ENOENT) {
+        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
+        return NULL;
+    }
     return f;
-#else
-    return _wfopen(path, mode);
-#endif
 }
 
 /* Call _wfopen() on Windows, or encode the path to the filesystem encoding and
@@ -296,6 +300,7 @@ _Py_wfopen(const wchar_t *path, const wc
 FILE*
 _Py_fopen(PyObject *path, const char *mode)
 {
+    FILE* f;
 #ifdef MS_WINDOWS
     wchar_t wmode[10];
     int usize;
@@ -304,16 +309,19 @@ _Py_fopen(PyObject *path, const char *mo
     if (usize == 0)
         return NULL;
 
-    return _wfopen(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(path), wmode);
+    f = _wfopen(PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(path), wmode);
 #else
-    FILE *f;
     PyObject *bytes = PyUnicode_EncodeFSDefault(path);
     if (bytes == NULL)
         return NULL;
     f = fopen(PyBytes_AS_STRING(bytes), mode);
     Py_DECREF(bytes);
+#endif
+    if (f == NULL && errno != ENOENT) {
+        PyErr_SetFromErrno(PyExc_OSError);
+        return NULL;
+    }
     return f;
-#endif
 }
 
 #ifdef HAVE_READLINK