diff --git a/Include/pyerrors.h b/Include/pyerrors.h
--- a/Include/pyerrors.h
+++ b/Include/pyerrors.h
@@ -19,6 +19,13 @@
 typedef struct {
     PyException_HEAD
     PyObject *msg;
+    PyObject *name;
+    PyObject *path;
+} PyImportErrorObject;
+
+typedef struct {
+    PyException_HEAD
+    PyObject *msg;
     PyObject *filename;
     PyObject *lineno;
     PyObject *offset;
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_import.py b/Lib/test/test_import.py
--- a/Lib/test/test_import.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_import.py
@@ -298,6 +298,22 @@
             """))
         script_helper.assert_python_ok(testfn)
 
+    @unittest.skipUnless(sys.platform == "win32", "Windows specific")
+    def test_extension_import_fail(self):
+        # Issue 10854 added `name` and `path` attributes to ImportError
+        # in order to provide better detail on import failures of extensions.
+        debug = True if sys.executable[-6:] == "_d.exe" else False
+        pkg_name = "extension"
+        pkg_file = pkg_name + "{}".format("_d.pyd" if debug else ".pyd")
+        with open(pkg_file, "w"): pass
+        try:
+            with self.assertRaises(ImportError) as err:
+                import extension
+            self.assertEquals(err.exception.name, pkg_name)
+            self.assertEquals(err.exception.path, pkg_file)
+        finally:
+            unlink(pkg_file)
+
 
 class PycRewritingTests(unittest.TestCase):
     # Test that the `co_filename` attribute on code objects always points
diff --git a/Objects/exceptions.c b/Objects/exceptions.c
--- a/Objects/exceptions.c
+++ b/Objects/exceptions.c
@@ -547,8 +547,81 @@
 /*
  *    ImportError extends Exception
  */
-SimpleExtendsException(PyExc_Exception, ImportError,
-          "Import can't find module, or can't find name in module.");
+
+static int
+ImportError_init(PyImportErrorObject *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds)
+{
+    Py_ssize_t size = PyTuple_GET_SIZE(args);
+
+    if (BaseException_init((PyBaseExceptionObject *)self, args, kwds) == -1)
+        return -1;
+
+    if (size == 0)
+        return 0;
+    Py_CLEAR(self->msg);
+    Py_CLEAR(self->name);
+    Py_CLEAR(self->path);
+    if (size >= 1) {
+        self->msg = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 0);
+        Py_INCREF(self->msg);
+    }
+    if (size >= 2) {
+        self->name = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 1);
+        Py_INCREF(self->name);
+    }
+    if (size >= 3) {
+        self->path = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(args, 2);
+        Py_INCREF(self->path);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+ImportError_clear(PyImportErrorObject *self)
+{
+    Py_CLEAR(self->msg);
+    Py_CLEAR(self->name);
+    Py_CLEAR(self->path);
+    return BaseException_clear((PyBaseExceptionObject *)self);
+}
+
+static void
+ImportError_dealloc(PyImportErrorObject *self)
+{
+    _PyObject_GC_UNTRACK(self);
+    ImportError_clear(self);
+    Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free((PyObject *)self);
+}
+
+static int
+ImportError_traverse(PyImportErrorObject *self, visitproc visit, void *arg)
+{
+    Py_VISIT(self->msg);
+    Py_VISIT(self->name);
+    Py_VISIT(self->path);
+    return BaseException_traverse((PyBaseExceptionObject *)self, visit, arg);
+}
+
+static PyObject *
+ImportError_str(PyImportErrorObject *self)
+{
+    return PyObject_Str(self->msg);
+}
+
+static PyMemberDef
+ImportError_members[] = {
+    {"msg", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyImportErrorObject, msg), 0,
+        PyDoc_STR("Exception message.")},
+    {"name", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyImportErrorObject, name), 0,
+        PyDoc_STR("Name of object which failed import.")},
+    {"path", T_OBJECT, offsetof(PyImportErrorObject, path), 0,
+        PyDoc_STR("Path of object which failed import.")},
+    {NULL}
+};
+
+ComplexExtendsException(PyExc_Exception, ImportError, ImportError,
+               ImportError_dealloc, 0, ImportError_members, ImportError_str,
+               "Import can't find module, or can't find name in module.");
 
 
 /*
diff --git a/Python/dynload_win.c b/Python/dynload_win.c
--- a/Python/dynload_win.c
+++ b/Python/dynload_win.c
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
         SetErrorMode(old_mode);
 
         if (hDLL==NULL){
-            PyObject *message;
+            PyObject *message, *exc;
             unsigned int errorCode;
 
             /* Get an error string from Win32 error code */
@@ -248,7 +248,10 @@
                         theInfo,
                         theLength));
             }
-            PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_ImportError, message);
+            exc = PyObject_CallFunction(PyExc_ImportError, "(OOO)", message,
+                                        PyUnicode_FromString(shortname),
+                                        pathname);
+            PyErr_SetObject(PyExc_ImportError, exc);
             Py_XDECREF(message);
             return NULL;
         } else {