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Title: TZ examples in datetime.rst are incorrect
Type: behavior Stage: resolved
Components: Documentation Versions: Python 3.1, Python 3.2, Python 2.7
process
Status: closed Resolution: fixed
Dependencies: Superseder:
Assigned To: docs@python Nosy List: belopolsky, docs@python, mark.dickinson, rbp
Priority: normal Keywords: patch

Created on 2010-06-23 17:14 by belopolsky, last changed 2022-04-11 14:57 by admin. This issue is now closed.

Files
File name Uploaded Description Edit
issue9063.diff belopolsky, 2010-07-07 04:49 Documentation patch review
Messages (5)
msg108462 - (view) Author: Alexander Belopolsky (belopolsky) * (Python committer) Date: 2010-06-23 17:14
With python started at the root of the source tree and TZ=US/Eastern in the environment,

>>> exec(open('Doc/includes/tzinfo-examples.py').read())
>>> import os
>>> os.environ['TZ']
'US/Eastern'
>>> from datetime import *
>>> x = datetime(2010, 11, 7, 5, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
>>> print(x, x.astimezone(Local), x.astimezone(Eastern))
2010-11-07 05:00:00+00:00 2010-11-07 01:00:00-04:00 2010-11-07 01:00:00-05:00
>>> x.astimezone(Local).dst() == x.astimezone(Eastern).dst() 
False

Note that according to my understanding of the long comment at the end of datetimemodule.c, zone conversion from UTC is a well defined operation unless there is a bug in tzinfo subclass implementation.
msg108464 - (view) Author: Alexander Belopolsky (belopolsky) * (Python committer) Date: 2010-06-23 17:37
The result given when Eastern tzinfo object is used is clearly wrong.  The timezone shift should not change the actual time, but

>>> x == x.astimezone(Eastern)
False

while

>>> x == x.astimezone(Local)
True
msg108470 - (view) Author: Alexander Belopolsky (belopolsky) * (Python committer) Date: 2010-06-23 18:29
Let's establish what is the correct wall clock sequence around EDT to EST transition:

>>> import time
>>> def print_time(s):
...    tt = time.localtime(s)
...    print(time.strftime('%c %z %Z', tt))

x = datetime(2010, 11, 7, 5)
>>> s = (x - datetime(1970, 1, 1))//timedelta(seconds=1)

>>> for i in range(-3600, 5000, 1200):
...   print_time(s + i)
... 
Sun Nov  7 00:00:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 00:20:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 00:40:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 01:00:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 01:20:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 01:40:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 01:00:00 2010 -0500 EST
Sun Nov  7 01:20:00 2010 -0500 EST

However, neither Local nor Eastern tzinfo instance is capable of reproducing this sequence:


>>> for i in range(-3600, 5000, 1200):
...   print(datetime.fromtimestamp(s + i, Eastern).strftime('%c %z %Z'))

Sun Nov  7 00:00:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 00:20:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 00:40:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 01:00:00 2010 -0500 EST
Sun Nov  7 01:20:00 2010 -0500 EST
Sun Nov  7 01:40:00 2010 -0500 EST
Sun Nov  7 01:00:00 2010 -0500 EST
Sun Nov  7 01:20:00 2010 -0500 EST

>>> for i in range(-3600, 5000, 1200):
...   print(datetime.fromtimestamp(s + i, Local).strftime('%c %z %Z'))
 
Sun Nov  7 00:00:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 00:20:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 00:40:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 01:00:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 01:20:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 01:40:00 2010 -0400 EDT
Sun Nov  7 02:00:00 2010 -0500 EST
Sun Nov  7 02:20:00 2010 -0500 EST
msg109452 - (view) Author: Alexander Belopolsky (belopolsky) * (Python committer) Date: 2010-07-07 04:49
There is nothing we can do about misreporting of UTC offset.  Unlike time tuples, datetime objects do not store the DST flag and thus have no means to disambiguate between standard and DST during the hour after the clock is set back for DST to standard transition.

Nevertheless, dt = datetime.fromtimestamp(t) is a well defined operation, it is dt.dst() and dt.utcoffset() which are not so well defined.

According to the comment at the end of Modules/datetimemodule.c, in order for the default implementation of tzinfo.fromutc() to operate correctly, the concrete implementation of tzinfo.dst(dt) must treat dt that falls into the ambiguous hour (where it can be ether DST or standard time) as the standard time.  This is precisely what is done in the implementation of USTimeZone class.  The Local class, however, relies on mktime to choose between DST and standard and apparently, at least on OSX, mktime does not do what Python's tzinfo.fromutc() expects.

The attached patch for Doc/includes/tzinfo-examples.py fixes this problem by passing is_dst=0 instead of -1 to mktime and also adds __repr__ to LocalTimezone class.

With this patch,

>>> x = datetime(2010, 11, 7, 5)
>>> s = (x - datetime(1970, 1, 1))//timedelta(seconds=1)
>>> for i in range(-3600, 5000, 3600):
...     datetime.fromtimestamp(s + i, Local)
... 
datetime.datetime(2010, 11, 7, 0, 0, tzinfo=EST/EDT)
datetime.datetime(2010, 11, 7, 1, 0, tzinfo=EST/EDT)
datetime.datetime(2010, 11, 7, 1, 0, tzinfo=EST/EDT)

which is correct and consistent with Easter timezone:

>>> for i in range(-3600, 5000, 3600):
...     datetime.fromtimestamp(s + i, Eastern)
... 
datetime.datetime(2010, 11, 7, 0, 0, tzinfo=Eastern)
datetime.datetime(2010, 11, 7, 1, 0, tzinfo=Eastern)
datetime.datetime(2010, 11, 7, 1, 0, tzinfo=Eastern)
msg124579 - (view) Author: Alexander Belopolsky (belopolsky) * (Python committer) Date: 2010-12-24 00:29
Committed in r87463 (3.2), r87464 (2.7) and r87465 (3.1).
History
Date User Action Args
2022-04-11 14:57:02adminsetgithub: 53309
2010-12-24 00:29:37belopolskysetstatus: open -> closed
versions: + Python 3.1
nosy: mark.dickinson, belopolsky, rbp, docs@python
messages: + msg124579

resolution: fixed
stage: commit review -> resolved
2010-11-21 20:34:46rbpsetnosy: + rbp
2010-07-07 04:49:21belopolskysetfiles: + issue9063.diff

type: behavior

keywords: + patch
nosy: + mark.dickinson
messages: + msg109452
stage: needs patch -> commit review
2010-06-23 18:29:49belopolskysetmessages: + msg108470
2010-06-23 17:37:27belopolskysetmessages: + msg108464
2010-06-23 17:14:45belopolskycreate