According to the docs (https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/object.html) the `PyObject_GetIter` method should be equivalent to the python call `iter(<some_dict>)`, but, when given a dict, the `PyObject_GetIter` returns an iterator over key-value pairs whereas the `iter()` method returns an iterator over keys only.

I tripped over this when giving the `<some_dict>.update()` a dict-like object that does not inherit from the builtin dict and implements its own `__iter__()`.

The `update()` method eventually reaches the following piece of code:
https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/4243df51fe43/Objects/dictobject.c#l2383

>    it = PyObject_GetIter(seq2);
> ...
>        item = PyIter_Next(it);
> ...
>        fast = PySequence_Fast(item, "");
> ...
>        key = PySequence_Fast_GET_ITEM(fast, 0);
>        value = PySequence_Fast_GET_ITEM(fast, 1);

displaying the difference in behaviour between `PyObject_GetIter` and `iter(o)`.

I can't believe in this since one-argument iter() just calls PyObject_GetIter().

dict.update() accepts either a dict-like object (which should have the keys() method) or an iterable producing key-value pairs. If your dict-like object doesn't work as expected, check that it has the keys() method.

This from the help on dict.update():

 |  update(...)
 |      D.update([E, ]**F) -> None.  Update D from dict/iterable E and F.
 |      If E present and has a .keys() method, does:     for k in E: D[k] = E[k]
 |      If E present and lacks .keys() method, does:     for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v
 |      In either case, this is followed by: for k in F: D[k] = F[k]

Likewise in the source for collections.abc.MutableMapping:

    def update(*args, **kwds):
        ''' D.update([E, ]**F) -> None.  Update D from mapping/iterable E and F.
            If E present and has a .keys() method, does:     for k in E: D[k] = E[k]
            If E present and lacks .keys() method, does:     for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v
            In either case, this is followed by: for k, v in F.items(): D[k] = v
        '''
        if not args:
            raise TypeError("descriptor 'update' of 'MutableMapping' object "
                            "needs an argument")
        self, *args = args
        if len(args) > 1:
            raise TypeError('update expected at most 1 arguments, got %d' %
                            len(args))
        if args:
            other = args[0]
            if isinstance(other, Mapping):
                for key in other:
                    self[key] = other[key]
            elif hasattr(other, "keys"):
                for key in other.keys():
                    self[key] = other[key]
            else:
                for key, value in other:
                    self[key] = value
        for key, value in kwds.items():
            self[key] = value

You seem to be right, my object was lacking the keys method.

Please excuse me for the false alarm, and thanks for pointing it out.