diff --git a/Lib/test/test_compileall.py b/Lib/test/test_compileall.py
--- a/Lib/test/test_compileall.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_compileall.py
@@ -95,20 +95,45 @@ class CompileallTests(unittest.TestCase)
                         os.path.isfile(self.bc_path2))
         os.unlink(self.bc_path)
         os.unlink(self.bc_path2)
         # Test against bad files
         self.add_bad_source_file()
         self.assertFalse(compileall.compile_file(self.bad_source_path,
                                                  force=False, quiet=2))
         self.assertFalse(compileall.compile_dir(self.directory,
                                                 force=False, quiet=2))
 
+    def test_compile_pathlike_files(self):
+        # Test compiling a single file, and complete directory
+        for fn in (self.bc_path, self.bc_path2):
+            try:
+                os.unlink(fn)
+            except:
+                pass
+        self.assertTrue(compileall.compile_file(pathlib.Path(self.source_path),
+                                                force=False, quiet=True))
+        self.assertTrue(os.path.isfile(self.bc_path) and
+                        not os.path.isfile(self.bc_path2))
+        os.unlink(self.bc_path)
+        self.assertTrue(compileall.compile_dir(pathlib.Path(self.directory),
+                                               force=False, quiet=True))
+        self.assertTrue(os.path.isfile(self.bc_path) and
+                        os.path.isfile(self.bc_path2))
+        os.unlink(self.bc_path)
+        os.unlink(self.bc_path2)
+        # Test against bad files
+        self.add_bad_source_file()
+        self.assertFalse(compileall.compile_file(pathlib.Path(self.bad_source_path),
+                                                 force=False, quiet=2))
+        self.assertFalse(compileall.compile_dir(pathlib.Path(self.directory),
+                                                force=False, quiet=2))
+
     def test_compile_path(self):
         # Exclude Lib/test/ which contains invalid Python files like
         # Lib/test/badsyntax_pep3120.py
         testdir = os.path.realpath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
         if testdir in sys.path:
             self.addCleanup(setattr, sys, 'path', sys.path)
 
             sys.path = list(sys.path)
             try:
                 sys.path.remove(testdir)