diff -r 22cfc057a1f1 Lib/test/test_os.py
--- a/Lib/test/test_os.py	Mon Jun 23 20:16:06 2014 -0700
+++ b/Lib/test/test_os.py	Thu Jun 26 22:57:41 2014 +0700
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 import os
 import errno
+import getpass
 import unittest
 import warnings
 import sys
@@ -43,6 +44,14 @@
     import _winapi
 except ImportError:
     _winapi = None
+try:
+    import grp
+except ImportError:
+    grp = None
+try:
+    import pwd
+except ImportError:
+    pwd = None
 
 from test.script_helper import assert_python_ok
 
@@ -68,6 +77,7 @@
 # Issue #14110: Some tests fail on FreeBSD if the user is in the wheel group.
 HAVE_WHEEL_GROUP = sys.platform.startswith('freebsd') and os.getgid() == 0
 
+
 # Tests creating TESTFN
 class FileTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
@@ -931,17 +941,6 @@
         os.makedirs(path, mode=mode, exist_ok=True)
         os.umask(old_mask)
 
-    @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(os, 'chown'), 'test needs os.chown')
-    def test_chown_uid_gid_arguments_must_be_index(self):
-        stat = os.stat(support.TESTFN)
-        uid = stat.st_uid
-        gid = stat.st_gid
-        for value in (-1.0, -1j, decimal.Decimal(-1), fractions.Fraction(-2, 2)):
-            self.assertRaises(TypeError, os.chown, support.TESTFN, value, gid)
-            self.assertRaises(TypeError, os.chown, support.TESTFN, uid, value)
-        self.assertIsNone(os.chown(support.TESTFN, uid, gid))
-        self.assertIsNone(os.chown(support.TESTFN, -1, -1))
-
     def test_exist_ok_s_isgid_directory(self):
         path = os.path.join(support.TESTFN, 'dir1')
         S_ISGID = stat.S_ISGID
@@ -992,6 +991,84 @@
         os.removedirs(path)
 
 
+@unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(os, 'chown'), "Test needs chown")
+class ChownFileTests(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    groups = []
+    all_users = []
+
+    def _root_in_posix():
+        if hasattr(os, 'geteuid'):
+            return os.geteuid() == 0
+        else:
+            return False
+
+    def setUpClass():
+        os.mkdir(support.TESTFN)
+        if grp is not None:
+            # Get groups whom the process' user belongs to
+            ChownFileTests.groups = [g.gr_gid for g in
+                                     grp.getgrall()
+                                     if getpass.getuser() in g.gr_mem]
+            if hasattr(os, 'getgid'):
+                process_gid = os.getgid()
+                if process_gid not in ChownFileTests.groups:
+                    ChownFileTests.groups.append(process_gid)
+
+        if pwd is not None:
+            # Get all users
+            ChownFileTests.all_users = [u.pw_uid for u in pwd.getpwall()]
+
+    def test_chown_uid_gid_arguments_must_be_index(self):
+        stat = os.stat(support.TESTFN)
+        uid = stat.st_uid
+        gid = stat.st_gid
+        for value in (-1.0, -1j, decimal.Decimal(-1), fractions.Fraction(-2, 2)):
+            self.assertRaises(TypeError, os.chown, support.TESTFN, value, gid)
+            self.assertRaises(TypeError, os.chown, support.TESTFN, uid, value)
+        self.assertIsNone(os.chown(support.TESTFN, uid, gid))
+        self.assertIsNone(os.chown(support.TESTFN, -1, -1))
+
+    def test_chown(self):
+        if len(ChownFileTests.groups) < 2:
+            self.skipTest("Test needs groups more than one")
+        gid_1, gid_2 = ChownFileTests.groups[:2]
+        uid = os.stat(support.TESTFN).st_uid
+        os.chown(support.TESTFN, uid, gid_1)
+        gid = os.stat(support.TESTFN).st_gid
+        self.assertEqual(gid, gid_1)
+        os.chown(support.TESTFN, uid, gid_2)
+        gid = os.stat(support.TESTFN).st_gid
+        self.assertEqual(gid, gid_2)
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(_root_in_posix(), "test needs root priviledge")
+    def test_chown_with_root(self):
+        if len(ChownFileTests.all_users) < 2:
+            self.skipTest("Test needs users more than one")
+        uid_1, uid_2 = ChownFileTests.all_users[:2]
+        gid = os.stat(support.TESTFN).st_gid
+        os.chown(support.TESTFN, uid_1, gid)
+        uid = os.stat(support.TESTFN).st_uid
+        self.assertEqual(uid, uid_1)
+        os.chown(support.TESTFN, uid_2, gid)
+        uid = os.stat(support.TESTFN).st_uid
+        self.assertEqual(uid, uid_2)
+
+    @unittest.skipUnless(not _root_in_posix(), "test needs non-root account")
+    def test_chown_without_permission(self):
+        if len(ChownFileTests.all_users) < 2:
+            self.skipTest("Test needs users more than one")
+        uid_1, uid_2 = ChownFileTests.all_users[:2]
+        gid = os.stat(support.TESTFN).st_gid
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(PermissionError,
+                                    "Operation not permitted"):
+            os.chown(support.TESTFN, uid_1, gid)
+            os.chown(support.TESTFN, uid_2, gid)
+
+    def tearDownClass():
+        os.rmdir(support.TESTFN)
+
+
 class RemoveDirsTests(unittest.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
         os.makedirs(support.TESTFN)
@@ -2576,6 +2653,7 @@
         WalkTests,
         FwalkTests,
         MakedirTests,
+        ChownFileTests,
         DevNullTests,
         URandomTests,
         ExecTests,