diff --git a/Tools/scripts/patchcheck.py b/Tools/scripts/patchcheck.py
--- a/Tools/scripts/patchcheck.py
+++ b/Tools/scripts/patchcheck.py
@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
 import os.path
 import subprocess
 import sysconfig
+import linecache
+import types
+import functools
+from collections import Counter
 
 import reindent
 import untabify
@@ -60,16 +64,21 @@
         return [x.decode().rstrip() for x in st.stdout]
 
 
-def report_modified_files(file_paths):
-    count = len(file_paths)
+def report_list(items, report_count):
+    count = len(items)
     if count == 0:
-        return n_files_str(count)
+        return report_count(count)
     else:
-        lines = ["{}:".format(n_files_str(count))]
-        for path in file_paths:
-            lines.append("  {}".format(path))
+        lines = ["{}:".format(report_count(count))]
+        for item in items:
+            lines.append("  {}".format(item))
         return "\n".join(lines)
 
+report_modified_files = functools.partial(report_list,
+                                report_count=n_files_str)
+report_test_names = functools.partial(report_list, report_count=lambda x:
+                                "{} test{}".format(x, "s" if x != 1 else ""))
+
 
 @status("Fixing whitespace", info=report_modified_files)
 def normalize_whitespace(file_paths):
@@ -115,6 +124,32 @@
     return fixed
 
 
+def testmethod_names(code, name=[]):
+    name = name + [code.co_name]
+    for c in code.co_consts:
+        if isinstance(c, types.CodeType):
+            for item in testmethod_names(c, name):
+                yield item
+    if name[-1].startswith('test_'):
+        yield '.'.join(name[1:])
+
+
+@status("Duplicate test names", info=report_test_names)
+def duplicate_test_names(file_paths):
+    duplicates = []
+    for path in file_paths:
+        abspath = os.path.join(SRCDIR, path)
+        try:
+            source_lines = linecache.getlines(abspath)
+            code = compile(''.join(source_lines), abspath, 'exec')
+        except:
+            continue
+        duplicates.extend("{} in file {}".format(name, path) for
+                name, cnt in
+                Counter(testmethod_names(code)).items() if cnt > 1)
+    return duplicates
+
+
 @status("Docs modified", modal=True)
 def docs_modified(file_paths):
     """Report if any file in the Doc directory has been changed."""
@@ -151,6 +186,8 @@
 def main():
     file_paths = changed_files()
     python_files = [fn for fn in file_paths if fn.endswith('.py')]
+    test_files = [fn for fn in python_files if
+                  fn.startswith(os.path.join('Lib', 'test'))]
     c_files = [fn for fn in file_paths if fn.endswith(('.c', '.h'))]
     doc_files = [fn for fn in file_paths if fn.startswith('Doc')]
     special_files = {'Misc/ACKS', 'Misc/NEWS'} & set(file_paths)
@@ -160,6 +197,8 @@
     normalize_c_whitespace(c_files)
     # Doc whitespace enforcement.
     normalize_docs_whitespace(doc_files)
+    # Duplicate test names.
+    duplicate_test_names(test_files)
     # Docs updated.
     docs_modified(doc_files)
     # Misc/ACKS changed.