diff --git a/Doc/library/codecs.rst b/Doc/library/codecs.rst
--- a/Doc/library/codecs.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/codecs.rst
@@ -1132,9 +1132,11 @@
 |                    | quotedprintable           |                | quoted printable          |
 +--------------------+---------------------------+----------------+---------------------------+
 | raw_unicode_escape |                           | Unicode string | Produce a string that is  |
-|                    |                           |                | suitable as raw Unicode   |
-|                    |                           |                | literal in Python source  |
-|                    |                           |                | code                      |
+|                    |                           |                | suitable for the contents |
+|                    |                           |                | of a raw Unicode literal  |
+|                    |                           |                | in Python source code.    |
+|                    |                           |                | All single and double     |
+|                    |                           |                | quotes are escaped.       |
 +--------------------+---------------------------+----------------+---------------------------+
 | rot_13             | rot13                     | Unicode string | Returns the Caesar-cypher |
 |                    |                           |                | encryption of the operand |
@@ -1153,9 +1155,11 @@
 |                    |                           |                | is desired.               |
 +--------------------+---------------------------+----------------+---------------------------+
 | unicode_escape     |                           | Unicode string | Produce a string that is  |
-|                    |                           |                | suitable as Unicode       |
-|                    |                           |                | literal in Python source  |
-|                    |                           |                | code                      |
+|                    |                           |                | suitable for the contents |
+|                    |                           |                | of a Unicode literal in   |
+|                    |                           |                | Python source code.  All  |
+|                    |                           |                | single and double quotes  |
+|                    |                           |                | are escaped.              |
 +--------------------+---------------------------+----------------+---------------------------+
 | unicode_internal   |                           | Unicode string | Return the internal       |
 |                    |                           |                | representation of the     |
@@ -1171,6 +1175,10 @@
 .. versionadded:: 2.3
    The ``idna`` and ``punycode`` encodings.
 
+.. versionchanged:: 2.7
+   Escaping for single and double quotes added to the ``unicode_escape``
+   encoder.  Escaping for single quotes, double quotes, and backslashes
+   added to the ``raw_unicode_escape`` encoder.
 
 :mod:`encodings.idna` --- Internationalized Domain Names in Applications
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/2.7.rst
@@ -495,6 +495,10 @@
   management protocol, so you can write ``with bz2.BZ2File(...) as f: ...``.
   (Contributed by Hagen Fuerstenau; :issue:`3860`.)
 
+* :mod:`codecs`:  The ``unicode_escape`` encoder now escapes all
+  single and double quotes.  The ``raw_unicode_escape`` encoder now
+  escapes all single quotes, double quotes, and backslashes.
+
 * New class: the :class:`Counter` class in the :mod:`collections` module is
   useful for tallying data.  :class:`Counter` instances behave mostly
   like dictionaries but return zero for missing keys instead of
@@ -1215,6 +1219,12 @@
   nothing when a negative length is requested, as other file-like
   objects do.  (:issue:`7348`).
 
+* The ``unicode_escape`` encoder now escapes all single and double
+  quotes.  The ``raw_unicode_escape`` encoder now escapes all single
+  quotes, double quotes, and backslashes.  Any extra escaping applied
+  on top of one of these encoders should be reviewed to ensure
+  that the decoded value remains valid.
+
 For C extensions:
 
 * C extensions that use integer format codes with the ``PyArg_Parse*``
diff --git a/Lib/pickle.py b/Lib/pickle.py
--- a/Lib/pickle.py
+++ b/Lib/pickle.py
@@ -495,9 +495,9 @@
             n = len(encoding)
             self.write(BINUNICODE + pack("<i", n) + encoding)
         else:
-            obj = obj.replace("\\", "\\u005c")
-            obj = obj.replace("\n", "\\u000a")
-            self.write(UNICODE + obj.encode('raw-unicode-escape') + '\n')
+            encoded = obj.encode('raw-unicode-escape')
+            encoded = encoded.replace('\n', '\\u000a')
+            self.write(UNICODE + encoded + '\n')
         self.memoize(obj)
     dispatch[UnicodeType] = save_unicode
 
@@ -520,10 +520,9 @@
                         self.write(BINSTRING + s + obj)
             else:
                 if unicode:
-                    obj = obj.replace("\\", "\\u005c")
-                    obj = obj.replace("\n", "\\u000a")
-                    obj = obj.encode('raw-unicode-escape')
-                    self.write(UNICODE + obj + '\n')
+                    encoded = obj.encode('raw-unicode-escape')
+                    encoded = encoded.replace('\n', '\\u000a')
+                    self.write(UNICODE + encoded + '\n')
                 else:
                     self.write(STRING + repr(obj) + '\n')
             self.memoize(obj)
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS b/Misc/NEWS
--- a/Misc/NEWS
+++ b/Misc/NEWS
@@ -12,11 +12,20 @@
 Core and Builtins
 -----------------
 
+- Issue #7615: The unicode_escape encoder now escapes single and
+  double quotes.  The raw_unicode_escape encoder now escapes single
+  quotes, double quotes, and backslashes.
+
 - Issue #2335: Backport set literals syntax from Python 3.x.
 
 Library
 -------
 
+- Issue #7615: Removed pickle's escaping of backslashes when pickling
+  Unicode objects.  Newlines are now escaped after applying the
+  raw_unicode_escape encoder instead of before.  These changes were
+  necessary to ensure consistency in the decoded value now that the
+  raw_unicode_escape encoder escapes backslashes.
 
 What's New in Python 2.7 alpha 2?
 =================================
diff --git a/Objects/unicodeobject.c b/Objects/unicodeobject.c
--- a/Objects/unicodeobject.c
+++ b/Objects/unicodeobject.c
@@ -2959,13 +2959,6 @@
     return NULL;
 }
 
-/* Return a Unicode-Escape string version of the Unicode object.
-
-   If quotes is true, the string is enclosed in u"" or u'' quotes as
-   appropriate.
-
-*/
-
 Py_LOCAL_INLINE(const Py_UNICODE *) findchar(const Py_UNICODE *s,
                                              Py_ssize_t size,
                                              Py_UNICODE ch)
@@ -2981,14 +2974,24 @@
     return NULL;
 }
 
+/* Return a Unicode-Escape string version of the Unicode object.
+ *
+ * If enclose_in_quotes is true, the string is enclosed in u"" or u''
+ * quotes as appropriate.  Otherwise, single and double quotes are
+ * always escaped.
+ */
 static
 PyObject *unicodeescape_string(const Py_UNICODE *s,
                                Py_ssize_t size,
-                               int quotes)
+                               int enclose_in_quotes)
 {
     PyObject *repr;
     char *p;
 
+    /* non-zero if quotes should be escaped */
+    int escape_single_quotes = 1;
+    int escape_double_quotes = 1;
+
     static const char *hexdigit = "0123456789abcdef";
 #ifdef Py_UNICODE_WIDE
     const Py_ssize_t expandsize = 10;
@@ -3026,17 +3029,23 @@
 
     p = PyString_AS_STRING(repr);
 
-    if (quotes) {
+    if (enclose_in_quotes) {
+        escape_double_quotes = 0;
         *p++ = 'u';
-        *p++ = (findchar(s, size, '\'') &&
-                !findchar(s, size, '"')) ? '"' : '\'';
+        if (findchar(s, size, '\'') && !findchar(s, size, '"')) {
+            *p++ = '"';
+            escape_single_quotes = 0;
+        } else {
+            *p++ = '\'';
+        }
     }
     while (size-- > 0) {
         Py_UNICODE ch = *s++;
 
         /* Escape quotes and backslashes */
-        if ((quotes &&
-             ch == (Py_UNICODE) PyString_AS_STRING(repr)[1]) || ch == '\\') {
+        if ((escape_single_quotes && ch == '\'') ||
+            (escape_double_quotes && ch == '"') ||
+            ch == '\\') {
             *p++ = '\\';
             *p++ = (char) ch;
             continue;
@@ -3121,7 +3130,7 @@
         else
             *p++ = (char) ch;
     }
-    if (quotes)
+    if (enclose_in_quotes)
         *p++ = PyString_AS_STRING(repr)[1];
 
     *p = '\0';
@@ -3332,8 +3341,8 @@
                 size++;
             }
 #endif
-        /* Map 16-bit characters to '\uxxxx' */
-        if (ch >= 256) {
+        /* Map 16-bit characters, backslashes, and quotes to '\uxxxx' */
+        if (ch >= 256 || ch == '\\' || ch == '\'' || ch == '"') {
             *p++ = '\\';
             *p++ = 'u';
             *p++ = hexdigit[(ch >> 12) & 0xf];