Index: Lib/_threading_local.py
===================================================================
--- Lib/_threading_local.py	(revision 70268)
+++ Lib/_threading_local.py	(working copy)
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
         object.__setattr__(self, '_local__args', (args, kw))
         object.__setattr__(self, '_local__lock', RLock())
 
-        if args or kw and (cls.__init__ is object.__init__):
+        if (args or kw) and (cls.__init__ is object.__init__):
             raise TypeError("Initialization arguments are not supported")
 
         # We need to create the thread dict in anticipation of
Index: Lib/test/test_threading_local.py
===================================================================
--- Lib/test/test_threading_local.py	(revision 70268)
+++ Lib/test/test_threading_local.py	(working copy)
@@ -67,7 +67,20 @@
         for t in threads:
             t.join()
 
+    def test_arguments(self):
+        # Issue 1522237
+        from thread import _local as local
+        from _threading_local import local as py_local
 
+        for cls in (local, py_local):
+            class MyLocal(cls):
+                def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                    pass
+
+            MyLocal(a=1)
+            MyLocal(1)
+
+
 def test_main():
     suite = unittest.TestSuite()
     suite.addTest(DocTestSuite('_threading_local'))